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Technology

Technology of ethanol production is based on enzymatic hydrolysis of grain starch, which is preliminary treated by water and heat, after that formed carbohydrate is fermented with yeast.

Feedstock passes through the Receiving Section, which includes weighing and purification from impurities of different kind before it is fed to the Milling Section. Feedstock milling is carried out with roller or hammer mills, which provide milling homogeneousness with set size of particles, that affects efficiency of further milled grain treatment.

After that milled grain is fed to the Cooking Section. Water and enzymatic agent solutions are also fed thereto. Cooked mash is sterilized, cooled and saccharified either in a separate tank or in fermentation tanks. Saccharified mash is cooled till defined temperature, antisepticised (if necessary) and fed to the Fermentation Section for yeast production and fermentation.

Yeast cultivation is carried out in yeast generators. Batch method is used for fermentation. After that ready mash is pumped into a buffer tank and then to the Distillation Section.

To achieve required concentration and purity of ethanol mash is distilled using min. 3 columns. Finished product (ethanol) has min. 96.3% concentration. To have high-quality ethanol additional purification columns are used.

During distillation basic waste of bioethanol production – grain stillage – is got. Grain stillage is processed to produce DDGS, feed yeast or biogas.

DDGS (Dried Distillers Grains with Solubles) can be used as high-quality feed for animals. Feed yeast is highly valued protein additive in combined feed, premix and feed mix production for feeding of all kinds of agricultural animals, birds, fish, and fur-bearing animals. Biogas is used as fuel for power, heat or steam production or as automobile fuel.

Carbon dioxide escaping during fermentation passes through alcohol trap to extract and return ethanol to the process. Then carbon dioxide is fed to the Food Carbon Dioxide Production Section. The production process includes absorption (in a water scrubber) and adsorption (with active carbon) purification, dehydration and compression of carbon dioxide with mechanical compressors. Produced liquid carbon dioxide is fed in balloons or dry ice is received usinf process of pressure reduction.

At all stages of ethanol production heat obtained at different stage of technological process is used repeatedly to reduce operation costs.